As the field of regenerative medicine progresses, one of the key challenges is to try to mimic the structure and role of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) more accurately in synthetic substitutes. In particular, the field of biomaterials has played a crucial role in the development of tissue engineered products. Scaffold design is central in the field of biomaterials, and involves investigating and controlling important characteristics such as biocompatibility, degradability, pore architecture and mechanical properties. Undoubtedly, we will move closer towards reducing the number of patients awaiting donor tissues, as more advanced biomaterials continue to be developed in this field. This chapter discusses scaffold requirements for tissue engineering applications and the current state of the art with a specific focus on collagen-based scaffolds.