The main aim of this chapter is to explain and discuss the general features of religion-based terrorism in Turkey. The chapter starts with the historical background of terrorism in Turkey and then focuses on the religion-based organizations. The discussion examines the organizations' main goals, strategies, recruitment processes, members' and supporters' education and training, organizational structures, financial sources, types of propaganda, and activities. Subsequent sections describe the socio-economic background of terrorist group members who were arrested by the security forces and the tactics of these groups.