Based on the analysis of 83 case studies developed in the Module 2 of the Second International Information Technology in Education Study (SITES), project work was found to be the most popular format of pedagogical innovation. A careful examination of the project descriptions revealed that the 34 cases of project work could be further distinguished into five approaches: research project, thematic project, study trip, discussion project, and aggregated-task project. With one case chosen from each category as the focus, this paper attempts to examine technology supported project work from the perspective of self-directed learning. We seek to reveal how project work is related to self-directed learning and how technology helps the teaching and learning process.