To guarantee sustainability for mankind and environment three aspects are important: resource efficiency, minimisation of pollution and the recovery of contaminated or damaged areas. The World Commission on Environment and Development defined sustainability as follows: “Sustainable development meets the needs of the present without compromising the abilitiy of future generations to meet their own needs” [1]. For sustainable construction an economic and environment-friendly design is necessary [2]. Environmental geotechnics consist of avoiding and remediation of contamination and pollution, protection of nature reserves, prevention against natural disasters and using environmentally friendly geothermical energy. Many national and international geotechnical organisations, for example the Technical Committee TC 215 of the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, are working together with construction companies, consultants, public administration and scientific research institutions on enhancements of environmental geotechnics. In this paper the importance of environment geotechnics is being shown on examples from engineering practice on the basis of new results of scientific research.