Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) can enhance the safety and quality of patient care, but their benefits are often hampered by low acceptance and use by clinicians in practice. Existing research has explored clinicians’ experiences with CDSS in a static nature, with limited consideration of how user needs may change over time. This review aimed to identify the methods used to capture clinicians’ acceptance and use of CDSS in hospital settings at different time points following implementation and highlight gaps to inform future work. Seventy-six studies met inclusion criteria. Qualitative methods were rarely used during the early implementation phases, particularly in the first 2 months following implementation. Further work is needed to understand clinicians’ experiences immediately following implementation of CDSS and how these insights can be used to support use over time.