In order to solve the problems of boring, long class hours and low learning efficiency of students in the traditional teaching mode of pure theory teaching, the teaching reform and practice of urban rail transit communication signal technology course based on artificial intelligence has been proposed. Firstly, the ARM chip RK3399 is used as the controller and the embedded system hardware is designed. Secondly, use 3D MAX to establish virtual teaching scenes and interactive object objects. Finally, the principle of binocular vision is used to track user interaction behavior and achieve good interactivity. In the process of system testing, the work effect of this paper is obtained. The experimental results show that the teaching system designed in this paper can support more users’ access requests. When the number of visits is 500, the delay time of the system in this paper is 176.8ms, which is far less than NET platform, the available resource space for functional expansion of the system in the follow-up teaching process is larger, and the basic running performance of the system is better.