The manufacturing industry faces significant challenges in adapting to the COVID-19 pandemic and the shift towards mass customization, necessitating the reevaluation of traditional collaboration models. These models are challenged by the high costs of digital transformation, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and the complexities of integrating disparate digital systems among large and medium-sized enterprises (LMEs). This paper proposes a novel cloud platform network architecture, supported by a collaborative cloud platform and an interoperable semantic edge gateway, to enhance cross-enterprise collaboration. This architecture aims to overcome the heterogeneity of resources and enable seamless integration. The efficacy of this architecture is demonstrated through a case study on the collaborative production of a lubrication pump, showing advancements in manufacturing efficiency and resource optimization. The findings highlight the potential of cloud platform architectures to redefine collaborative manufacturing processes, with improvements in on-time delivery ratio and equipment utilization ratio as key outcomes. The study offers a promising direction for innovative solutions in the collaborative manufacturing sector.