Urbanization construction is developing rapidly in various countries around the world, and the demand for underground cable laying construction is increasing year by year in multiple fields. In response to the many difficulties in traditional cable laying, this article designs a multifunctional cable laying device. On the premise of ensuring the construction requirements of cable laying, it quickly replenishes cables through a self-loading and unloading cable mechanism, excavates various laying trenches with different technical requirements, completes cable loading and laying, filler filling, and soil backfilling operations, and improves the construction efficiency of cable laying work. Reducing resource waste, lowering construction costs, and alleviating the degree of traffic congestion caused by the occupation of urban roads during the construction phase. Optimize the structure of the multifunctional cable laying device using UG software to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the structural design of the multifunctional underground cable laying device.