In order to improve the efficiency of the emergency evacuation of passengers in the subway station, we simulate the evacuation of passengers at the escalator in the Xi’an DAYANTA subway station, analyze the bottleneck problem of evacuation at the escalator in the subway station in terms of evacuation time and crowd density, optimize it, and find the best optimization scheme. The results show that: the evacuation time is 297 s when the up escalator goes up and the down escalator is paused; the evacuation efficiency is improved by 12.5% by adopting the optimized scheme of escalator configuration combination; During the early stage of evacuation (0 s–50 s), the number of people in the subway station decreased significantly. During the period of 50 s–150 s, the number of people in the station decreased slowly, and the increase of the number of people evacuated gradually became slow; After 150 s, the number of people in the station and the number of evacuees tended to stabilize, and the final evacuation time was 260 s. The combination of the escalator configuration optimization scheme can effectively improve the evacuation efficiency and achieve the optimization purpose, and the research results can provide reference for the emergency evacuation of passengers in subway stations.