Experimental teaching is an important carrier for cultivating innovative spirit and practical ability. By using the combination of virtual and real methods, the breadth and depth of experimental teaching content are expanded, the time and space of experimental teaching are extended, and the quality and level of experimental teaching are improved. This article introduces the overall framework of the virtual reality combination teaching system for the “Asphalt and Asphalt Mixture” experimental course. Through teaching reform, the effectiveness of experimental teaching has been effectively improved, students’ basic experimental skills and techniques have been better trained, and students’ further understanding and consolidation of basic theoretical knowledge have been deepened. Finally, taking the “Three Major Indicators of Asphalt” experiment as an example, the architecture and teaching methods of the virtual reality combination experimental teaching system were elaborated in detail, as well as the role of cultivating students’ experimental skills and independent innovation ability.