Based on the relevant connotation of rural revitalization strategy and existing research results, this paper comprehensively uses the entropy weight method, comprehensive index measurement model, overall regression model and obstacle model, selects 29 representative indicators from five dimensions of rural industrial modernization, rural ecological modernization, rural cultural modernization, rural governance modernization and rural life modernization, constructs an index system, evaluates and analyzes the development level of agricultural and rural modernization in Guangdong Province from 2011 to 2020, predicts the future development level, and detects the obstacle factors. The results show that from 2011 to 2020, the level of agricultural and rural modernization in Guangdong Province has entered the late stage of upgrading from the development stage of Chinese-style modernization, and has developed rapidly. Through the overall regression model, the level of agricultural and rural modernization in Guangdong Province will enter the sprint stage in 2040, and the modernization of Chinese-style agriculture and rural areas will be basically realized in 2050. According to the degree of obstacles, the impact of rural ecological modernization and peasant life modernization on the development of agricultural and rural modernization in Guangdong Province is more obvious, followed by the impact of rural industrial modernization, rural governance modernization and rural cultural modernization.