Taking axial compression ratio and velocity as variables, using the general finite element software ABAQUS, this paper simulates the behavior of H-beam under impact, and analyzes the impact resistance of this component. The result is that changes in the axial compression ratio mainly cause local damage, which can lead to changes in the degree of damage to such components. The impact resistance of such components can be increased by appropriate axial compression ratios, but the damage to the components is more severe than excessive axial compression; The change in velocity directly leads to a change in kinetic energy, causing a change in the force acting on the component, thus having a significant impact on the impact resistance of the component, with overall instability damage as the final form of damage.