The present work studies the modelling and PID controller tuning aspects of an automatic voltage regulator. The PID controller is tuned using a hybrid optimization algorithm. This paper tunes the controller using the BF-PSO hybrid optimization algorithm. Simulation results and comparative analysis have been provided to validate the algorithm. Time-domain as well as frequency domain analysis has been carried out. In order to keep the voltage at the terminals, the VAR has a fixed set of operational parameters. Different electrical devices will degrade significantly if the terminal voltage is too low or too high. AVRs, which are controlled by a computer, are a key component in power system operation and control. A controller is used by AVR to regulate the terminal voltage. AVR is controlled using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, one of the most common control systems. The AVR’s PID controller must be properly tuned in order for it to function properly. PID controller tuning approaches have been compared in a comparative analysis.