In this study, some measurement results of acceleration response and residual deformation of actual dams under strong earthquakes have been analized to clarify the effect of rockfill density and embnkment method, and residual deformation of rockfill dam by centrifuge test under strong earthquake is verified, and then stability criteria based on residual deformation are discussed taking account of dam performance. It found that density of embankment affects residual deformation and big displacement of the embankment is restricted near the surface and the crest without slip circle. Relationship between crest settlement and maximum base acceleration in this test almost agrees with that of in-situ observation for existing dams. Beside allowable and critical settlement ratio is discussed for soil core and facing type RD.