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Lateritic soils are formed by intensive weathering and decomposition of rocks in the tropical and subtropical climate. These are secondary oxides of iron, aluminum and silicon with some calcium and/or magnesium and usually formed as a result of leaching of free silica and bases and accumulation of oxides of iron and aluminum due to heavy rains and high temperatures. Therefore the mineralogical, chemical and geotechnical characteristics of lateritic soils are largely dependent on the place of their origin. Shortage of crushed rock aggregates for pavement base and sub-bases along with the scope for using substandard gravels for low volume roads have prompted the need to explore the possibility of using locally available materials for pavement construction. In developing countries like India, Brazil and Nigeria, lateritic gravels are extensively used in road works as a sub-base material. Even though these materials are widely used, in majority of the cases, these do not meet the conventional pavement material specifications. Limited studies related to the engineering characterization of lateritic soils and gravels have been done. This paper critically reviews the studies carried out for mineralogical chemical and geotechnical characteristics of lateritic soils/gravels to present a brief overview of such materials available in different parts of the world. The paper also proposes a rational characterization process of lateritic gravels for use in mechanistic design of pavements.
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