In this paper we state the problem of developing effective Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC). The model of life cycle of a course is considered. The principles of creating courses are formulated; two types of such courses are defined. Stages of creation of courses are analyzed. The technique of expected learning results planning based on specification of initial competences of graduates of MOOC is offered. The model for establishment of connections between competences and learning results of a course are presented. The method of instructional design of MOOC is offered.