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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of body weight-supported (BWS) gait training on restoration of walking, activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QoL) in persons with an incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). Datasources: Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro and DocOnline. Studies were assessed for methodological quality and described regarding population, training protocol and effects on walking ability, ADL and QoL. A descriptive and quantitative synthesis was conducted. 18 articles/17 studies were included. Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed that subjects with American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) C or D of less than one year duration reached higher scores on the locomotor item of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM-L, range 1-7) in the over-ground training group than in the BWS treadmill training group at the end of training, mean difference 0.80 (0.04-1.56). There were no differences regarding walking velocity and hardly data on ADL or QoL. Concluded was that subjects with subacute SCIs classified AIS C or D reached a higher level of independent walking after over-ground training compared to BWS treadmill training. More RCTs are needed to clarify the effectiveness of BWS gait training on walking, ADL and QoL for subgroups of persons with incomplete SCIs.
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