1. Introduction

2. The emergence of high pressure solid state science

3. “Windowed” experiments for in situ studies of high pressure phases and phase transitions

4. Opportunities for high pressure solid state chemistry

5. Thermodynamics, and practical considerations for high pressure-high temperature experiments in solid state chemistry

6. Opportunities and considerations for high pressure-high temperature synthesis of new materials

7. Three case histories: Ge₃N₄-Si₃N₄ spinels, icosahedral B₆O, and LiSi

8. Conclusions and outlook