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Energy geo-structures implement shallow geothermal technologies in sub-surface structures, such as piles, retaining walls, slabs and tunnels, resulting in a dual-purpose use of these elements: structural stability and thermal energy provision. This approach to shallow geothermal energy can result in lower capital costs compared to traditional ground source heat pump systems where trenching or drilling is required, and thus have received significant attention recently. Most of the existing research has so far focused on energy piles, likely due to their geometrical similarities to the traditional vertical borehole ground heat exchangers, while less information exists on the relatively more complex energy retaining walls. This research focuses on the thermal performance and design of energy soldier pile retaining walls, utilising detailed finite element techniques. A case study is adopted, modelling an underground train station with conditions and requirements typical for Melbourne, Australia (temperate climate). The thermal provision potential for these structures is investigated, noting the importance of the thermal load on the design and suggesting that a close to balanced thermal load might be crucial for the design of a well performing system, even if its incorporation might introduce logistic complexities. Moreover, important design parameters that can affect the thermal performance (as well as costs) of the system are investigated, enabling recommendations to minimising costs without significantly impacting the thermal performance of the system.
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