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Injection of CO2 and water in saline aquifers or oil reservoirs causes changes of pressure, saturation and concentrations that affect the state of stress and promote chemical reactions in the host rock, resulting in porosity and permeability variations. It is therefore a coupled hydro-mechanical and chemical (HMC) problem. The fault reactivation problem considers that shear (with dilation), tension or compression of filling material may cause changes in hydraulic properties. Numerical simulation of multiphase and multicomponent flow of CO2, oil and water with mechanical coupling allows realistic modeling of fault reactivation. Whether the fault is activated or not is governed by the boundary conditions of the problem and by the modeling of the constitutive behavior of involved materials.
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